印尼　Kebun Raya Cibodas 初訪　2017/02/22

山羊百科，林文智老師的植物、山岳、攝影紀錄

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印尼、Indonesia、Bogor、Kebun Raya Bogor、Kebun Raya Cibodas

　　2015年安排印尼植物園計劃，見到Kebun Raya Bogor是最靠近市區，Kebun Raya Eka Karya Bali卻是海拔高度超乎預期，日夜溫差相當大，而其它距離市區都相當遠，算是偏僻的郊區，看是還是想看看，主要是印尼植物園的掛牌遠超乎預期的理想，對於赤道一帶的物種可以多瞭解些，不過，根據早年Kebun Raya Cibodas 網站論述，印尼引進不少溫帶地區樹種，栽植於Kebun Raya Cibodas，大概屬於日夜溫差大的地區，上回Bali島吃悶虧，此行還是多準備禦寒衣物，選擇2月是想賭賭看赤道國家物種花況的差異度。

　　飛機降落雅加達已經是午候2點，晚半小時降落，趕緊找Wifi ，因為上飛機前，才收到飯店詢問交通問題，幸好告知已派車，因為上回機場叫車的服務感覺不是很理想，不是每位司機可以搞清楚所有飯店位置，找飯店派車會比較安心。

　　機場出發已近3點，路況時好時壞，印尼交通相當混亂，高速公路通過Borgor就轉縣道，路口的商城梢事休息，司機卻說先用餐，每回接近村落外圍就堵的很慘，幸好，司機跟我說要先吃晚餐，不然就糗囉，抵Tangko Inn Resort；塘高度假村已近8點，海拔1500的旅館，夜晚還真冷，如我所料。

　　清晨，透過櫃台協助，請飯店的職員騎機車送我去植物園，抵第3大門口才知沒售票，必須繞到主門口或是第2大門口，情商保全放行，糗囉，連續幾天都要如此，因為旅館到第3大門口大概5分鐘，如果不放行，那就是近20分鐘的車程，看來以後地圖比對還是要留意主大門口的位置。車行約5分鐘抵大門口，大概瀏覽主幹到的林木，園區是運用起伏山勢構築，利用坡向的差異引進栽種不同的物種，此地可能栽種針葉樹種最多的區域，畢竟熱帶地區主要還是闊葉林。

　　門口沒地圖，只好先去主大門口旁遊客中心找找看，延途見到一些樟科、山龍眼科與針葉樹物種，先補些畫面，如果掛牌數量多，那就是還要再跑一趟，此行才規劃兩趟次，應該是不夠用。走進遊客中心，沒想到對方知道台灣的觀光客，想看杜鵑科物種，特別拿一本簡介給我，沒想到還可以ㄠ到英文版的簡介，此地想找英文出版品真的很困難，許多網路資料都要靠滑鼠右鍵翻譯才能瞭解，相當麻煩。印尼植物園的掛牌相當一致，學名鐵牌直接釘樹幹，栽種太久，鐵牌常繡到字跡模糊，幸好網路相關的資料庫還可以解決問題，不然放生的物種就多到頭痛。

　　此時園區道路的Callistemon 瓶刷子屬花況不錯，可惜視為行道樹沒掛牌，僅知就3種，但是掛牌的物種卻未列入名單，所以只好先放生，重點是還出現栽培種，日後Callistemon資料還是會掛進該屬的討論單元，如此會比較單純。目前最糗的Callistemon salignus (Sm.) Colv. ex Sweet；Callistemon salignus (Sm.) Colv. ex Sweet var. roseus Guilf.尚不清楚誰搞錯，原變種僅白花還是如何，要再看看。

　　園區溝渠旁Strobilanthes hamiltoniana 的花況相當不錯，先補畫面再說，風速漸強，不是好兆頭，看來能拍多少算多少，朝西南向的溫室方向轉轉，不過看到Magnolia grandiflora 倒伏株的樹形不錯，還是先補拍，原來Magnolia grandiflora 倒伏的樹形可以相當優雅，先前看到都是高大挺拔的樹形，可惜花期未到，不然會是相當亮眼。Rhodomyrtus tomentosa 桃金孃可能散布最廣的物種，各地的植物園都引進栽種，大概花況最吸引遊客眼光。

　　目前Congea物種主要是東南亞地區，總苞片亮眼，花朵太小，不顯眼，不易拍攝，或許還要多看看，隨後見到一堆Bauhinia 羊蹄甲屬攀藤性物種，Bauhinia corymbosa花朵跟Australia的畫面不太一樣，葉片外觀是差不多，網路尚出現Bauhinia binata，可惜花況不好，不然就可以搞清楚，到是網路圖檔兩者都是採用此學名，看來還要多看看，看是誰是栽培種，不同地區的植株兜在一起比較容易看出差異，後來再看其它國家植物誌；中國植物誌描述Bauhinia corymbosa 嫩枝、花序被红棕色小粗毛，馬來西亞植物誌Bauhinia binata屬直立灌木；依據中國植物誌描述印尼的畫面應該屬厚盘亚属 Subgen. Lasiobema，花萼合生，而Bauhinia corymbosa歸显托亚属 Subgen. Phanera，花萼離生；問題很多，可能是引進栽培，先放當待確認地方。可惜掛牌僅4株，其它未到花期，只好先放生；後來找到是名稱可能是Bauhinia saigonensis，此物種尚有變種，還要多看看。

　　抵草本植物區卻是看到一堆菊科物種迎賓，雖然都有豎牌，還是一團亂，可能前次栽種的植株，今年更換新物種卻沒更換解說牌，拍攝過程沒查覺，回來比對才發現還真是一堆問題，反正想辦法慢慢解決，目前暫時採用掛牌的學名，慢慢改。草本植物區邊坡隱藏一堆Rubus 懸鉤子屬物種，還是遇到同樣的問題，掛牌與植株好像不太一致，已經拍不少物種畫面，看來回家要耗不少時間比對物種。

　　通過草本植物區就見到一堆Ficus 榕屬物種，反正都有掛牌，看不懂沒差，先拍再說，沒想到看到Ficus septica掛牌，稜果榕差太多，毀啊!!!回家有的忙。園區阿拉伯觀光客相當當，難怪主幹道周邊都是旅館或是渡假村，對於穆斯林世界來說，馬來西亞與印尼來說，生活物價比較低，相當吸引阿拉伯人的眼光，此地多數都是全家旅遊的型態；當我朝溫室區前進，遇到阿拉伯夫婦問路，他們找不到瀑布的步道，拿出地圖，一陣雞同鴨講，對方就朝著結論的方向前進。

　　近午，雲層就相當厚實，還是決定拼啦，最多找避雨的地方，希望降雨時間不要拖太久，沒想到近溫室區就降大雨，沒想到溫室都是大門深鎖，只好站屋簷躲雨。陣陣雨勢抓空檔撤退，雲層實在太厚實，光源不佳，只能看著辦，到是見到Eucomis autumnalis植株實在太怪，應該是Crinum物種，應該可以搞清楚，先拍再說，結果是還沒看出來，栽培種太多，沒見到文字論述實在難搞。只好先放在待確認的選項。沒想到還可看到Rhododendron物種，地圖標記專屬的園區外還有零散栽種，看來下回真的要多排幾天慢慢逛，不過，印尼的Rhododendron杜鵑花屬物種名單尚未找到，回家還要繼續奮鬥。

　　抵大門電聯旅館，還真的派人來接，而且貼心走另一條支路帶我去看瀑布，原來瀑布是在不同方向，希望問路的阿拉伯夫婦安全回到旅館，瀑布還真多家庭遊客與學生團體，超級熱鬧。

目前未確定的物種是Malpighiaceae、Stigmaphyllon開花株，細節還要比對。

目錄

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Indonesia TRAVEL Web

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Lombok

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Bali

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Pulau Java

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Indonesia Plant Web

  1. Digital Flora of Indonesia；https://www.indonesiaplants.org/home
  2. FLORA INDONESIA (Botanical Survival)
  3. Flora of Indonesia
  4. Flora Malesiana
  5. Amorphophallus
  6. Javanese Endemic Plants
  7. Tropical Biodiversity Update
  8. Flora Java
  9. EFForTS Sumatra Plant Database
  10. THE NEPENTHACEAE OF THE NETHERLANDS INDIES by B. H. DANSER hypertext conversion by Rick Walker
  11. SULAWESI BEGONIA DATA PORTAL
  12. Bali Orchid Garden
  13. Flora Kampung
  14. Guide to TREES OF PAPUA NEW GUINEA
  15. Plant Resources of South-East Asia　PROSEA
  16. Rinjani Geopark Lombok
  17. Bali a flóra - Oblasti
  18. EEB Greenhouse Collections native to Sulawesi
  19. EEB Greenhouse Collections native to Sumatera
  20. EFForTS Sumatra Plant Database
  21. SULAWESI BEGONIA DATA PORTAL
  22. Kebun Raya Borgor
  23. Cibodas Botanic Gardens Record ~ Sistem Informasi
  24. Cibodas Botanic Gardens Record
  25. Kebun Raya Eka Karya Bali　Bali Botanic Gardens
  26. Kebun Raya Purwodadi
  27. Bogor Botanic Gardens Library Book Catalogue
  28. Wetlands of Indonesia
  29. Wetlands International Indonesia Programme
  30. Mangrove of Indonesia
  31. API: Marine Ecosystem: Mangroves: References
  32. Wild orchids in sumatra
  33. Koleksi Tanaman Merambat Kebun Raya Bogor 藤蔓
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Books

  1. Sidiyasa, K., Zakaria and Ramses Iwan 2006 The forests of Setulang and Sengayan in Malinau, East Kalimantan: their potential and the identification of steps for their protection and sustainable management Center for International Forestry Research ISBN: 979-24-4641-9
  2. Steenis, Cornelis Gijsbert Gerrit Jan, Amir Hamzah & Moehamad Toha 1972 The Mountain Folra of Java LEIDEN ISBN 9004035591
  3. Sukarya, Deniek G. 2013 3500 Plant Species of the Botanic Gardens of Indonesia PT Sukarya & Sukarya Pandetama ISBN 978-602-18768-2-4
  • TANAMAN HIAS Indonesia
  • Flora and Vegetation of Bali Indonesia: An Illustrated Field Guide
  1. Directorate General of Forest Protection and Nature Conservation Ministry of Forestry 2004 Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra 28th Session of the World Heritage Committee
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Reference

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