A Taxonomic Study on Dioscorea of Taiwan － Dioscorea hispida
山羊百科，林文智老師的植物、山岳、攝影紀錄
- Chun Kuei Liao chunkuei.liao@gmail.com 2000/06
11. Dioscorea hispida Dennst. Schluss., Hort. Ind. Malab. 15. 1818; Burkill in Fl. Malesiana ser1, 4(3):318. 1951; Liu, T. S. & T. C. Huang, Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. 3(2):137. 1962; Edit. Comm., Fl. Hainanica 4:152. 1977; Liu, T. S. & T. C. Huang in Fl. Taiwan 5:106. 1978; Ting, C. T., M. C. Chang & P. P. Ling. in Fl. China 16(1): 99, f.31. 1985. 大苦薯
－Dioscorea daemona Roxb. var. reticulata Hook. f. Fl. Brit. Ind. 6:239.1894; Matsumura & Hayata, Enum. Pl. Formos. 432. 1906; Kawakami, List Pl. Formos. 121. 1910; Hayata in Journ. Coll. Sci. Im. Uni. Tokyo 30:355. 1911; Brown in Use. Pl. Philip. 398.,f.157. 1941.
－Dioscorea triphylla var. reticulata Prain & Burkill in Journ. and Proceed. Asiat. Soc. Bengal. n. s. 10:26. 1924; Knuth in Engl. Pflanzenreich 87(4-43):132. 1924; Yamamoto, Suppl. Icon. 3:8, 1927; Sasaki, List Pl. Formos. 114. 1928; Nemoto, Fl. Jap. Suppl. 1085. 1936; Yamamoto in Journ. Soc. Trop. Agr. 10:180. 1938.
HABIT DESCRIBE
A prickly, pubscent vine from tuber; underground tuber oblate or ovate; epidermis brown; flesh white or slightly yellow; intensely poisonous; aerial stems, terete, ca. 5-9 mm thick, sinistrose, usually prickly, green or brown, pubescent or glabrous near the base of stems.. Leaves alternate, palmately compound, membranous or herbaceous, yellow-green; leaflets 3; petioles ca. 7-25 cm long, 2-4 mm thick, prickly, pubscent; middle leaflet elliptic or elliptic-oblong or obovate, ca. 8-25 cm long, ca. 6-15 cm wide, acuminate at apex, acute at base, 3-5 nerved; lateral leaflets, oblique-obovate or semicordate, ca. 6-12 cm long, ca. 4-10 cm wide, acute at apex, round or obtus at base, 3-nerved; usually prickly on lower nerves; petiolte terete, ca. 10 mm long, 2 mm thick., dendity pubscent.
Staminate inflorescence axillary, pendulous, spicate, compound to panicleform, up to 50 cm long, density pubscent; spikes with up to 40 flowers, with 1 basal bract which ovate or ovate, ca. 0.9 mm long, 0.6 mm wide, incurved, density pubscent on back. Male flower, sessile, crowded, alternate on rachis, density pubscent , 2-bracteoled; outer bracteole, ovate, ca. 1.8 mm long, 1.6 mm wide, incurved, density pubscent on out side surface; inner bracteole, deltoid, acute at apex, ca. 0.5 mm at long and wide; perianth-segments 6, outer 3 perianth-segments widely ovate, ca. 0.6 mm long and wide, acute at apex, obtuse at base; inner perianth-segments deltoid, ca. 1.1 mm long, 0.8mm wide, acute at apex; staments 6, subequal, filaments terete, ca. 0.3 mm long, ca. 0.1 mm thick, anthers oblong, ca. 0.25 mm long, ca. 0.2 mm wide, dorsifixed, longitudinally dehiscent, 2-celled. Pistillate inflorescence racemes, axillary, pendulois, 1-2 together, pubscent; female flowers, 2-bracted; bract triangular-lanceolate, pubscent; ovary inferior, trignous. Fruit capsulate, tripterous, ca. 3.5-7cm long, 2.5-3 cm wide, fleshly or corriaceous in dry, green in mature or brown in dry, pubscent or sometimes glabrous; stipe reflexed. Seeds 2 in each cell, ca. 3-5cm long, bearing on top of central axia in each cell; terminal wing extending to base of cell, wing membranous.
Distributed in south of China, Hainan, Philippines, Java, Malay Peniansula, Burma and India. It has been cultivated in Taiwan.
This species is flowering from April to May, and fruiting from July to September
SPECIMENS EXAMINED
SPECIMENS EXAMINED. Taipei City: S. Sasaki s.n. in 1916 (TFRI); TFRI (cult.), T. C. Huang 1803; Neihu, ? s.n. in 1936 (TAI 30931). Taichung Hsien: Jihyuehtan, Kudo & Sasaki 15537 (TAI). Chiayi Hsien: Chuchi(Tikutochi), T. Kawalami & Y. Shimada 4199 (TFRI); Chushan, T. Kawakami s.n. (TFRI 6226, 6227). Kaohsiung Hsien: Chiuchutang, T. Hosekawa s.n. in 1931 (TAI 30950).
