討論:錫杖花屬

山羊百科,林文智老師的植物、山岳、攝影紀錄

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4. MONOTROPA L. 錫仗花屬

Saprophytic herbs, white or reddish; stems simple; leaves alternate, scale-like. Flowers solitary or in a terminal raceme, nodding, bracteate; sepals 4, caducous; petals 5, oblong, apex dilated, often saccate at base, caducous; stamens 10 or 12, filaments filiform-subulate, anthers peltate; disc adnate to base of ovary, 10-12-toothed. Capsules 5-locular, loculicidally dehiscent, valves septate within, placentas remaining on persistent axis; seeds minute, elongate, subcylindric. Two species in temperate regions of the northern hemisphere; both in Taiwan.

1. Flowers several in a raceme ...................................................................... 1. M. hypopithys

1. Flowers solitary ...................................................................................... 2. M. uniflora

2. Monotropa uniflora L.單花錫仗花

Pale fleshy somewhat translucent herbs to 30 cm tall. Leaves ovate-elliptic to oblong-rhomboid, 1-2 cm long, apex acute. Flowers solitary, terminal, tubular-campanulate, ca. 2 cm long; petals 5, cuneate-oblong, 1.5-2 cm long, apex rounded, irregularly toothed, pubescent inside; filaments hirsute. Capsules ellipsoid-globose.

India, eastern Asia and North America. Taiwan, in woods at low to mid elevations.

TAICHUNG: Wuling farm to Hsinta Campus Wang et al. 4018. NANTOU: Wushunkengshan, Sasaki s. n. 1921.

ギンリョウソウモドキ Monotropa uniflora

松江の花図鑑
ギンリョウソウモドキ Monotrapa uniflora
自然観察雑記帳

2.水晶蘭 Monotropa uniflora Linn.

多年生,草本,腐生;莖直立,單一,不分枝,高10-30釐米,全株無葉綠素,白色,肉質,千後變黑褐色。根細而分枝密,交結成鳥巢狀。葉鱗片狀,直立,互生,長圓形或狹長圓形或寬披針形,長1.4-1.5釐米,寬4-4.5毫米,先端鈍頭,無毛或上部葉稍有毛,邊緣近全緣。花單一,頂生,先下垂,後直立,花冠筒狀鐘形,長1.4-2釐米,直徑1.1-1.6釐米;苞片鱗片狀,與葉同形;萼片鱗片狀,早落;花瓣5-6,離生,楔形或倒卵狀長圓形,長1.2-1.6釐米,上部最寬5.5-7毫米,有不整齊的齒,內側常有密長粗毛,早落;雄蕊10-12,花絲有粗毛,花藥黃色;花盤10齒裂;子房中軸胎座,5室;花柱長2-3毫米,柱頭膨大成漏斗狀。蒴果橢圓狀球形,直立,向上,長1.3-1.4釐米。花期8-9月;果期(9-)10-I1月。

產山西、陝西、甘肅、青海、浙江、安徽、臺灣、湖北、江西、雲南、四川、貴州、西藏等省區。生於海拔800-3850米山地林下。蘇聯、日本、印度、東南亞、北美也有分佈。

本種集中分佈在我國西南和西北。有些植物學者曾記載我國東北(黑龍江1)、吉林2))也有本種,但我們在東北從未發現或接觸到本種標本,同時研究了前人所根據的標本,發現東北過去所記載之本種,均系矮假水晶蘭 Cheilotheca humilis (D. Don) H. Keng之誤(參閱該種記述),所以我國東北並無水晶蘭之分佈。

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