討論:松寄生屬

山羊百科，林文智老師的植物、山岳、攝影紀錄

3. TAXILLUS Van Tiegh. 鈍果桑寄生屬

Parasitic shrubs, slender or rather stout. Leaves opposite or subopposite, simple, entire, glabrous or covered with stellate hairs. Inflorescence a few flowered simple umbel; flowers with 1 bract; perianth united, 4-5-merous, zygomorphic, tube cylindrical in bud, later ellipsoid, acutely club shaped or capitate and becoming reflexed at narrowest part, lobes all reflexed to one side, spatulate, usually acute, one slit much deeper than other three; anthers obtuse, basifixed, 4-celled, locellate or not; style with or without articulation, as long as perianth. Fruits ovoid, ellipsoid or club shaped, exocarp coriaceous, mesocarp viscid, endocarp woody and fibrous. Over 75 species mainly in southeastern Asia and south Africa. The genus Taxillus is widespread in tropical Asia. Ten species are found in Taiwan, three of which are endemic.

Since 1972, it was determined that Scurrula L. was a synonym of Loranthus Jacq in the International Nomenclature (rule 2074 of Appendix III). However, most Scurrula sp. In Taiwan, and the 50 or so species of Scurrula in southern and souheast Asia, are phylogenetically related to the Taxillus and not to Loranthus. New combinations in Taxillus of Taiwan are made in this treatment.

KEY TO SPECIES

1. Leaves subopposite, narrowly spatulate; calyx urceolate; corolla glabrous… 4. T. matsudai

1. Leaves opposite or subopposite, not narrowly spatulate; calyx not urceolate; corolla pubescence

2. Leaves concolorous or mature leaves green with sparse stellate hairs

3. Leaves 2-6 cm long, elongate-obovate, apex rounded.

4. Leaves thick coriaceous, obvate-oblong, 4-6 cm long, 2-2.5 cm wide; anthers 3-4.5 mm… 8. T. ritozanensis

4. Leaves thin coriaceous, obovate-spatulate, 2-4 cm long, 1-1.5cm wide; anthers 2-2.5 mm… 9. T. theifer

3. Leaves 4-12 cm long, oblong, apex obtuse

5. Leaves coriaceous, mature leaf glabrous, yellowish green; buds covered with dark reddish brown hairs… 2. T. liquidambaricolus

5. Leaves thick chartaceous, matue leaf with sparse stellate hairs, green; buds covered with brown hairs; young shoots drying black… 1. T. limpritchii

2. Leaves bicolored, with stellate hairs on the back

6. Apex of flower bud globose, limb spatulate

7. Flowers less than 2 cm long, apex rounded; abaxial leaf surface with reddish brown stellate hairs… 3a. T. lonicerifolius var. lonicerifolius

7. Flowers more than 2 cm long, apex pointed globose; abaxial leaf surface with tannic brown stellate hairs… 3b. T. lonicerifolius var. longifolius

6. Apex of flower bud ellipsoid, acute club shaped or acute capitate, limb lanceolate

8. Abaxial leaf surface densely stellate hairy, dark reddish brown

9. Flowers 2.4-3.2 cm long, anthers 3-4 mm long; fruit ellipsoid or clavate… 7. T. rhododendricolus

9. Leaves thick chartaceous, ovate; ovary and fruit attenuate toward the base… 5. T. parasitica

8. Young leaves with deciduous stellate hairs

10. Leaves thin coriaceous; flowers ferruginous-tomentose, 1.6 cm long, anthers less than 2.5 mm… 6. T. pseudochinensis

10. Leaves coriaceous; flowers sparsely stellate hairy, 1.8-2.4 cm long, anthers 2.5-3.5 mm long… 10. T. Tsaii

桑寄生族 Trib. Lorantheae

钝果寄生属 Taxillus Van Tiegh.

寄生性灌木；嫩枝、叶通常被绒毛。叶对生或互生；侧脉羽状。伞形花序，稀总状花序，腋生，具花2-5朵；花4-5数，两侧对称，每朵花具苞片1枚；花托椭圆状或卵球形，稀近球形，基部圆钝；副萼环状，全缘或具齿；花冠在成长的花蕾时管状，稍弯，下半部多少膨胀，顶部椭圆状或卵球形，开花时顶部分裂，下面一裂缺较深，裂片4-5枚，反折；雄蕊着生于裂片的基部，花丝短，花药4室，药室具横隔或无；子房1室，基生胎座，花柱线状，约与花冠等长，具棱，柱头通常头状。浆果椭圆状或卵球形，稀近球形，顶端具宿存副萼，基部圆钝，外果皮革质，具颗粒状体或小瘤体，稀平滑，被毛或无毛，中果皮具粘胶质；种子1颗。

约25种，分布于亚洲东南部和南部。我国产15种、5变种，分布于西南和秦岭以南各省区。