討論:馬㼎兒
山羊百科,林文智老師的植物、山岳、攝影紀錄
1. Zehneria japonica (Thunb.) H.-Y. Liu, Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci. 1: 40. 1989. 馬交兒
A glabrescent herbaceous vine; tendrils simple. Leaves thin chartaceous, more or less symmetrical, ovate to wide ovate or widely trullate, 3-10 cm long, 4-7 cm wide, at apex mucronate, at base cordate, at margin entire or 3-7 shallowly lobed, hispidulous on both surfaces; petioles 1-3 cm long, glabrescent. Plants monoecious, male and female flowers usually from the same axils; calyx segments c. 1 mm long; corolla lobes ovate-lanceloate, 2-4 mm long, puberulent abaxially, glabrescent adaxially; staminate flowers solitary to 3-4-flowered racemose; pediclels 4-6 mm long; stamens inserted at about the middle of receptacle tubes, filaments 0.5-0.8 mm long, glabrous, anthers ovate-oblong; pistillate flowers solitary, or rarely 2-4-clustered; pedicles c. 10 mm long; ovaries fusiform, finely papillate. Fruits ellispoid, 10-15 mm long, 7-10 mm wide, glabrous, smooth, grayish white, becoming orange-red to red when mature.
E., SE., and S. China, Kores, Japan, Malesiana, Indo-China, and India. Taiwan, on lowland hills, in thickets or at forest margins, and usually near streams. Flowering Mar-Sep.
TAIPEI: Fushan, Liu 2027. MIAOLI: Chunghsing, Huang 13105. NANTOU: Kuangtaochi, Wu & Hsieh s. n. PINGTUNG: Matuda s. n.
Melothria japonica スズメウリ
1.馬瓜/交兒 Zehmeria indica (Lour.) Keraudren
攀援或平臥草本;莖、枝纖細,疏散,有棱溝,無毛。葉柄細,長2.5—3.5釐米,初時有長柔毛,最後變無毛;葉片膜質,多型,三角狀卵形、卵狀心形或戟形、不分裂或3—5淺裂,長3—5釐米,寬2—4釐米,若分裂時中間的裂片較長,三角形或披針狀長圓形;側裂片較小,三角形或披針狀三角形,上面深綠色,粗糙,脈上有極短的柔毛,背面淡綠色,無毛;頂端急尖或稀短漸尖,基部彎缺半圓形,邊緣微波狀或有疏齒,脈掌狀。雌雄同株。雄花:單生或稀2—3朵生於短的總狀花序上;花序梗纖細,極短,無毛;花梗絲狀,長3—5毫米,無毛;花萼寬鐘形,基部急尖或稍鈍,長1.5毫米;花冠淡黃色,有極短的柔毛,裂片長圓形或卵狀長圓形,長2—2.5毫米,寬1--1.5毫米;雄蕊3,2枚2室,1枚1室,有時全部2室,生於花萼筒基部,花絲短,長0.5毫米,花藥卵狀長圓形或長圓形,有毛,長1毫米,藥室稍弓曲,有毛,藥隔寬,稍伸出。雌花:在與雄花同一葉腋內單生或稀雙生;花梗絲狀,無毛,長1—2釐米,花冠闊鐘形,徑2.5毫米,裂片披針形,先端稍鈍,長2.5—3毫米,寬1--1.5毫米;子房狹卵形,有疣狀凸起,長3.5—4毫米,徑1—2毫米,花柱短,長1.5毫米,柱頭3裂,退化雄蕊腺體狀。果梗纖細,無毛,長2—3釐米;果實長圓形或狹卵形,兩端鈍,外面無毛,長1--1.5釐米,寬0.5一0.8(一1)釐米,成熟後桔紅色或紅色。種子灰白色,卵形,基部稍變狹,邊緣不明顯,長3—5毫米,寬3—4毫米。 花期4—7月,果期7一10月。
分佈於四川、湖北、安徽、江蘇、浙江、福建、江西、湖南、廣東、廣西、貴州和雲南。常生於海拔500--1600米的林中陰濕處以及路旁、田邊及灌叢中。日本、朝鮮、越南、印度半島、印尼(爪哇)菲律賓等也有。
Zehneria formosana (Hayata) Ying
- 雌雄異株。