討論:灰木
山羊百科，林文智老師的植物、山岳、攝影紀錄
4. Symplocos chinensis (Lour.) Druce 灰木
Deciduous shrubs. Twigs grayish brown, terete; young twigs green, pilose, ridged below petioles. Buds ovoid, grayish brown with puberulous or glabrous scales with ciliate margin. Leaves: blades papery, obovate or elliptic, usually turning yellow when dry, 2.5-6 mm long, 1-4(-4.5) mm wide, apex obtuse, aute, abruptly acuminate or shortly caudate with apiculate tip, base cuneate, slightly attenuate, margin glandular-serrate with teeth 1-3 mm apart; upper surface sparsely hairy or glabrescent; lower surface glaucous, hairy, more densely along midrib and nerves; midrib impressed above, prominent beneath; nerves 3-5 pairs prominent beneath, reticulation coarse; petioles pilose, 2-3(-5) mm long. Inflorescence terminal, a cylindrical panicle, 2-8 cm long, the lower branches are subtended by foliage leaves and often concaulescent, the axis pilose; bracts and bracteoles caducous, linear, 0.3-5 mm long, adaxially glabrous, abaxially densely hairy; pedicels slender, 0-3 mm long. Flowers calyx tube 1-1.5 mm high, hairy, calyx limb ca. 1 mm long, deeply 5-lobed, the lobes imbricate, ovate, apex obtuse or acute, hairy, ca. 1 mm long; corolla white, 4-5 mm long, deeply 5-lobed, the lobes elliptic, stamens pentadelphous 45-60; disk 5-glandular, pilose; style glabrous or sparsely pilose near the base, 3-4 mm long, the base swollen; ovary 2-locular. Fruits black, ovoid, 6-7 mm long, 4-5 mm in diameter, the persistent calyx lobes erect or forming a blunt beak; endocarp thin; seed 1, reniform (longitudinally curved) with similarly curved embryo.
Distributed in Taiwan, China and Vietnam; in Taiwan 0-1,600 m altitude.
TAIPEI: Moutzu, Chiang 328; Mu-chih-shan, Wang 3037; Hopingdao, Keelung City, Chang 088; Chu Hou Shien, Shih s. n., Shih-men, Liu 695; Aoti, 0-100 m, Huang 2922; Sozan, Kudo et al. s. n.; Shinten, Yamamoto s. n., Tanaka 10978; Nankang-shan, Jeng s. n.; Chihsingshan, 950 m, Shie 1064. TAOYUAN: Youngmi, Chang 14909; Chuwei, Liu 744; Yangmei, Peng 3121, 3130. HSINCHU: Tahu, 500 m, Shimada 4007; Kuanhsi Town, 350 m, Yang 7927. MIAOLI: Fu-tien, near Yuen-li, Hsu 5268; Hsiaoping near Chu-nan and Toufen, Hsu 4343; Kuantaoshan, Ou et al. s. n. TAICHUNG: Houli Farm, Hsu 9019; Neipu near Yehmei, Hsu 9318; Takeng, Ou et al. s. n.; Fengyuan, 200-450 m, Leu 1037, 1734. NANTOU: Wuh-sheh, 1200 m, Lu 15920; Shouting, 1500-1600 m, Peng 10853. TAINAN: Wushantou, Kuandien, Mori s. n. PINGTUNG: Taiping-shan, Yang 221, 1045; Nanjenshan, Huang et al. 9535; Nanjenkeng, 50-400 m, Ohashi et al. 13908. ILAN: Peikuan, Wang s. n.
锥序组 Sect. Palura G. Don Gen.
華山礬 Symplocos chinensis (Lour.) Druce
灌木；嫩枝、叶柄、叶背均被灰黄色皱曲柔毛。叶纸质，椭圆形或倒卵形，长4-7（10）厘米，宽2-5厘米，先端急尖或短尖，有时圆，基部楔形或圆形，边缘有细尖锯齿，叶面有短柔毛；中脉在叶面凹下，侧脉每边4-7条。圆锥花序顶生或腋生，长4-7厘米，花序轴、苞片、萼外面均密被灰黄色皱曲柔毛；苞片早落；花萼长2-3毫米。裂片长圆形，长于萼筒；花冠白色，芳香，长约4毫米，5深裂几达基部；雄蕊50-60枚，花丝基部合生成五体雄蕊；花盘具5凸起的腺点，无毛；子房2室。核果卵状圆球形，歪斜，长5-7毫米，被紧贴的柔毛，熟时蓝色，顶端宿萼裂片向内伏。花期4-5月，果期8-9月。 产浙江、福建、台湾、安徽、江西、湖南、广东、广西、云南、贵州、四川等省区。生于海拔1000米以下的丘陵、山坡、杂林中。模式标本采自广东广州附近。 根药用治疟疾、急性肾炎；叶捣烂，外敷治疮疡、跌打；叶研成末，治烧伤烫伤及外伤出血；取叶鲜汁，冲酒内服治蛇伤；种子油制肥皂。
锥序组 Sect. Palura G. Don Gen.
白檀 Symplocos paniculata (Thunb.) Miq.
落叶灌木或小乔木；嫩枝有灰白色柔毛，老枝无毛。叶膜质或薄纸质，阔倒卵形、椭圆状倒卵形或卵形，长3-11厘米，宽2-4厘米，先端急尖或渐尖，基部阔楔形或近圆形，边缘有细尖锯齿，叶面无毛或有柔毛，叶背通常有柔毛或仅脉上有柔毛；中脉在叶面凹下，侧脉在叶面平坦或微凸起，每边4-8条；叶柄长3-5毫米。圆锥花序长5-8厘米，通常有柔毛；苞片早落，通常条形，有褐色腺点；花萼长2-3毫米，萼筒褐色，无毛或有疏柔毛，裂片半圆形或卵形，稍长于萼筒，淡黄色，有纵脉纹，边缘有毛；花冠白色，长4-5毫米，5深裂几达基部；雄蕊40-60枚，子房2室，花盘具5凸起的腺点。核果熟时蓝色，卵状球形，稍偏斜，长5-8毫米，顶端宿萼裂片直立。
产东北、华北、华中、华南、西南各地。生于海拔760-25 00米的山坡、路边、疏林或密林中。朝鲜、日本、印度也有。北美有栽培。模式标本采自日本。
