討論:蘭嶼鐵莧

山羊百科，林文智老師的植物、山岳、攝影紀錄

5. Acalypha caturus Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Nederl. Lnd. 629. excl. syn. 1825; Hsieh in Fl. Taiwan 3: 441. 1977. 蘭嶼鐵莧

A small tree. Leaves chartaceous, broadly ovate to cordate, 8-13 cm long, 6-12 cm broad, the apex acuminate, the base cordate, truncate or rounded, the margins serrulate, densely pubescent in the nerve-axils beneath; petioles 8-10 cm long, hairy; stipules linear-lanceolate, 13 mm long. Inflorescences axillary, unisexual, rarely androgynous. Male spikes 8-20 cm long. Female spikes 5-6 cm long, solitary; bracts broadly reniform, 4-5 mm long, acute; bracteoles 2; sepals 3, ovate, pubescent; ovary 2-celled, pubescent; styles 2, 2-3 mm long. Capsules 3-lobed; seeds obliquely ovoid, about 1.5 mm long. The Philippines, Celebes, Java, Sumatra and Borneo. Taiwan, confined to Is. Lanyu.

TAITUNG: Is. Lanyu, Hsieh 1589.

10. Acalypha caturus Blume

Large shrubs or small trees, 7–10 m tall, monoecious; flowering branches 8–20 cm long, 4–8 mm diam, nearly glabrous to velvety. Indumentum sparsely hairy, denser on young parts, with simple straight hairs. Stipules persistent, ovate to elliptic, 6–7 by 1.5–2 mm, hairy, without capitate trichomes. Leaves: petiole 3–12 cm long, with short velvety hairs of c. 0.25 mm long; blade ovate to elliptic, 9–16 by 7–10 cm, length/width ratio 1.2–1.6, chartaceous; base obtuse to acute; margin serrate to crenate, teeth 1–2 by 2–3 mm, with a gland on tooth tip; apex acute to acuminate; upper surface glabrous, lower surface sparsely to densely hairy, surfaces flat or slightly sunken between the veinlets; veins at base 3, upper secondaries 4–7 per side. Staminate inflorescences axillary, 1 per axil, spicate; peduncle 5–8 mm long, indumentum of simple velvety hairs; fertile portion 10–24 by 2–4 cm, internodes 1–3 mm long. Staminate flowers: bracts ovate, c. 1 by 0.5 mm, outside with dense hairs of 0.2–0.3 mm long; pedicel 0.5–1 mm long, with straight hairs to 0.2 mm long; calyx 0.5–1 mm diam, sepals ovate to elliptic, c. 0.75 by 0.5 mm, glabrous, midrib not verrucate, apex acute; filaments c. 0.25 mm long, thecae c. 0.25 by 0.1 mm. Pistillate inflorescences axillary, solitary per axil, spicate, straight, laxly many-flowered (rachis visible); peduncle 5–8 mm long, indumentum velvety; fertile portion 10–30 by 0.5–1 cm, internodes 2–5 mm long. Pistillate flowers 1.5–2 mm diam; 1 per bract; bract stipules not seen; bracts sessile, 1–2 by 3–4 mm, chartaceous, non-accrescent, densely hairy outside, without dots, glabrous inside, lobes 3, apical and lateral lobes 0.75–1 by 0.5 mm, apices acute; pedicel absent; calyx 1.5–2 mm diam, sepals 3, ovate to narrowly elliptic, 1–1.5 by c. 0.5 mm, hairy outside with no verrucae, glabrous inside; ovary globose, c. 1 by 1 mm, bilocular; stigmas 2, 3–3.5 mm long, each divided 6–10 times, smooth. Bisexual inflorescences absent. Fruits globose to oblate, c. 2 by 3–3.5 mm, verrucate, columella 1.5–2 mm long. Allomorphic fruits unknown. Seeds globose, c. 1.5 by 1.5 mm.

Distribution — Malesia: Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Sulawesi, Lesser Sunda Is., Moluccas, Papua New Guinea.

全缘苞组 Sect. Caturoideae Pax et Hoffm.

尖尾铁苋菜 Acalypha caturus Blume

大灌木；嫩枝被灰白色短绒毛。叶纸质，阔卵形或卵形，长8-15（-20)厘米，宽5.5-12厘米，顶端渐尖或长渐尖，基部圆钝或截平，有时稍心形，边缘具浅圆齿，下面沿叶脉具短绒毛，在二级脉腋部具一簇髯毛；基出脉3-5条；叶柄长5-10厘米，被短毛；托叶线状披针形，长4-12毫米，具疏柔毛。雌雄异株，稀同株，花序腋生，雄花序长10-20厘米，花序轴被短柔毛，苞片疏生，卵形，长约0.5毫米，具毛，苞腋具雄花多朵，排成团伞花序；雌花序穗状，长10-30厘米，雌花苞片疏生，卵形，长约1毫米，顶端急尖，具毛，苞腋具雌花1朵；雄花：花萼裂片4枚，长约0.3毫米；雄蕊8枚；花梗长约1毫米；雌花：萼片3枚，卵形，长约1毫米，具毛；子房被柔毛，通常2室，花柱2 (-3)枚，长2-3毫米，撕裂15-20条。蒴果直径3-4毫米；种子近球形，长2毫米。花期几全年。

产于台湾台东（兰屿）、屏东（恒春）。生于低海拔山地常绿林或次生林中。菲律宾、印度尼西亚也有分布。模式标本采自印度尼西亚。

本种群的花序长度，乃随花期不同而有变化，叶片大小则与不同植株而异，不能依此分种，故将A. longiacaminata作异名处理。