討論:硬齒獼猴桃
山羊百科，林文智老師的植物、山岳、攝影紀錄
2. Actinidia callosa Lindl., Nat. Syst. Ed. 2. 439. 1835.
2a. var. callosa. 硬齒獼猴桃 Pl.316
Tall climbing to 7 m or more long; glabrous or young branchlets tomentose, dark gray to reddish brown, with distinct conspicuous long yellowish lenticels; pith of branchlets solid, firm, light orange, pith of branches irregularly lamellate. Leaves chartaceous, ovate, ovate-oblong, oblong to oblong-lanceolate, ca. 6-15 cm long, 2.5-9 cm broad, acute to acuminate at apex, rounded, cuneate-rounded to subcordate at base, serrulate or subentire, glabrous or tomentose in vein axils on both surfaces, lateral veins 5-7 per side; petioles slender, 1.5-5.5 cm long, reddish or green, strigose or glabrous. Inflorescences axillary cymes, 1-5 flowered, the pedicels nearly glabrous, 5-20 mm long, bracts minute; flowers white; sepals 5, oblong or ovate, rounded to obtuse at apex; petals 5, broadly oblong-ovate to oblong-lanceolate, rounded to obtuse at apex, cuneate and contracted at base; ovary subglobose to oblong-ovoid, densely tomentose. Fruit subglobose, oblong-ovoid or ellipsoid, ca. 2-3.5 cm long, 2-2.5 cm across, glabrous, grayish green, obscurely lenticellate.
S. Asia, from S. China, Taiwan, Indochina and India to Malaysia. Taiwan, in thickets and forests at low to medium altitudes.
TAIPEI: Matsao, Yangminshan, Peng 8644. ILAN: Taipingshan, Peng 7872. TAICHUNG: Tahsuehshan forest road, Peng 619. NANTOU: Fenghuangshan, Peng 607; Meifeng, Wang 80. TAITUNG: Chin-shui-ying, Yang 23728.
- Actinidia callosa var. pubescens Dunn
斑果组 Sect. Maculatae Dunn
硬齿猕猴桃 Actinidia callosa Lindl.
大型落叶藤本；着花小枝长5-15厘米，一般8-12厘米，直径2.5-3毫米，洁净无毛，个别有极少量硬毛，皮孔相当显著，髓淡褐色，片层状或实心，芽体被锈色茸毛；隔年枝灰褐色，直径3-5毫米，干时有皱纹状纵棱，皮孔开裂或不开裂，髓片层状。叶卵形、阔卵形、倒卵形或椭圆形，长5-12厘米，宽3.5-8.5厘米，顶端急尖至长渐尖或钝形至圆形，基部阔楔形至圆形或截形至心形，边缘有芒刺状小齿或普通斜锯齿乃至粗大的重锯齿，齿尖通常硬化，腹，面深绿色，完全无毛，仅个别变种有少量小糙伏毛，背面绿色，完全无毛或仅侧脉腋上有髯毛，叶脉比较发达，在上面下陷，在背面隆起呈圆线形，侧脉6-8对，横脉不甚显著，网状小脉不易见；叶柄水红色，长2-8厘米，洁净无毛，仅个别变种有少数硬毛；花序有花1-3朵，通常1花單生；花序柄7-15毫米，花柄11-17毫米，均无毛或有毛。花白色，直径约15毫米；萼片5片，卵形，长4-5毫米，无毛或被黄褐色短绒毛，或内面薄被短绒毛，外面洁净无毛；花瓣5 片，倒卵形，长8-10毫米，花丝丝状，长3-5毫米，花药黄色，卵形箭头状，长1.5-2毫米；子房近球形，高约3毫米，被灰白色茸毛，花柱比子房稍长。果墨绿色，近球形至卵珠形或乳头形，长1.5-4.5 厘米，直径1-1.7厘米，有显著的淡褐色圆形斑点，具反折的宿存萼片。种子长2-2.5毫米。
产长江以南各省区，西起云贵高原和四川内陆，东至台湾省都产。本种是一个庞杂的 大类群，形态种种。其共同点是近全体无毛，仅部分的脉腋和花序花萼等处被毛；枝、茎较 坚较直，干后多呈泥黄色，叶干后也多呈泥黄色；果呈或长或短的乳头形。
斑果组 Sect. Maculatae Dunn
台湾猕猴桃 Actinidia callosa Lindl. var. formosana Fin.et Gagn.
小枝无毛；叶较薄较软，矩状披针形至倒卵状披针形，长5-6.5厘米，宽2.5-3.5厘米，边缘锯齿尖锐，压弯或不压弯，叶背侧脉腋上有髯毛，中脉和叶柄无毛或有极稀少的丝状短绒毛；花序和萼片密被黄褐色短茸毛。
特产于我国台湾。模式标本采自台东。
异色猕猴桃 Actinidia callosa Lindl. var. discolor C.F.Liang
小枝坚硬，干后灰黄色，洁净无毛。叶坚纸质，干后腹面褐黑色，背面灰黄色，椭圆形，矩状椭圆形至倒卵形，长6-12厘米，宽3.5-6厘米，顶端急尖，基部阔楔形或钝形，边缘有粗钝的或波状的锯齿，通常上端的锯齿更粗大，两面洁净无毛，脉腋也无髯毛，叶脉发达，中脉和侧脉背面极度隆起，呈圆线形；叶柄长度中等，一般2-3厘米，无毛；花序和萼片两面均无毛；果较小，卵珠形或近球形，长约1.5-2厘米。
产浙江、安徽、福建、台湾、江西、湖南、四川、云南、贵州、广西、广东等长江以南各省区。海拔1000米以下的低山和丘陵中的沟谷或山坡乔木林或灌丛林中或林缘等各种环境均见生长。花、果模式标本分别采自广东乳源和广西贺县。
1. Actinidia arisanensis Hayata 阿里山獼猴桃
Tall climbing shrub to 5 m or more; branches dimorphic, the spring shoots glabrous to densely strigose, with narrower glabrous or sparsely setose or densely strigose leaves, the summer shoots flowering, strigose to glabrous, with generally broader nearly glabrous leaves; pith very small, brown, lamellate. Leaves chartaceous, ovate-oblong to ovate, 8-15 cm long, 3-9 cm broad, acute to acuminate, cuneate-rounded to subcordate at base, usually unequal, sparsely and finely denticulate, glabrous or strigose on both surfaces, the dary veins 5-7 per side; petioles slender, 1.5-4.5 cm long, strigose or glabrous. Inflorescences in axillary cymes, 3- or 4-flowered, the pedicels nearly glabrous, 5-10 mm long; bracts minute; flowers white; sepals 5, oblong, rounded at apex, about 4 mm long and 2 mm broad; petals 5, oblong-ovate to oblong-lanceolate, about 7 mm long and 3 mm broad, rounded at apex, cuneate and contracted at base; ovary subglobose, densely tomentose; styles about 4 mm long. Fruit subglobose, about 2.3-3.5 cm across, glabrate, lenticellate. Endemic. In thickets and forests at altitudes of 1,160-2,260 m.
TAIPEI:Suzuki 4379, Keng & Kao s. n. in 1953. ILAN: Suao. Wilson 11122; Taipirn;-shan, Wilson 10255. TAICHUNG: Pahsienshan, Liu et al. 480. CHIAYI: Kawakami & Mori 1751. Mt. Alishan, Hayata s. n. in 1913.
This is a very variable plant, with dimorphic spring vegetative and summer flowering shoots. The young sterile shoots may be strigose, bearing densely strigose leaves, or with nearly glabrous stems and leaves sparsely strigose above only, or with nearly glabrous leaves. The flowering shoots bear larger broader leaves, generally strigose all over the upper surface.
