Dioscorea benthamii
山羊百科，林文智老師的植物、山岳、攝影紀錄
Dioscorea benthamii Prain & Burkill
3. Dioscorea benthamii Prain & Burkill in J. Proc. Asiat. Soc. Bengal n.s. 4:448. 1908; Hayata, Icon. Pl. Form. 10:36. 1921; Knuth in Engl. Pflanzenr. 87(4-43):283. 1924; Yamamoto, Suppl. Icon. Pl. Form. 3:5. 1927; Sasaki, List Pl. Form. 113. 1928; Nemoto, Fl. Jap. Suppl. 1083. 1936; Prain & Burkill in Ann. Roy. Bot. Gard. Calcutta 14:263. 1939,pl.107.1938; Liu, T. S. & T. C. Huang in Bot. Bull. Acad. Sin. 3(2):141. 1962; Liu, T. S. & T. C. Huang in Fl. Taiwan 5:101. 1978; Ting, C. T., M. C. Chang & P. P. Ling. in Fl. China 16(1):108, f.33. 1985.
BY:Liao chunkuei
目錄 |
SYNONYMS
HABIT DESCRIBE
A glabrous, scandent vine; underground unknow; aerial stems terete, 2-4 mm thick, dextrorse, glabrous. Leaves opposite or alternate near base of stem, chartaceous, lanceolate or elliptic, 5-8 cm long, 1.5-3.5 cm wide, acute at apex, obtuse or round at base, 3-5 nerved, veinlets obscure above and prominent beneath; petioles 1.5-4 cm long, ca. 2 mm thick.
Staminate inflorescence spicate, axillary, 1-3 together, ca. 2.5 cm long; spikes with 10-20 flowers; rachis slightly zigzag, ca. 1 mm thick. Male flowers greenish, globose, ca. 2.2 mm in diameter, alternate on rachis, sessile, 2-bracted; outer bract deltoid-ovate, ca. 1.5 mm long, ca. 1.1 mm wide, acuminate at apex; inner bract deltoid, ca. 1 mm long, ca. 0.8 mm wide, acute at apex, obtuse at base; outer 3 perianths elliptic, ca. 2.3 mm long, ca. 1.6 mm wide, incurved and obtuse at apex, inner 3 perianths elliptic, ca. 2 mm long, ca. 1.3 mm wide, obtuse at both ends; stamens 6, insert at base of perianths, filiments terete, ca. 1 mm long, ca. 0.16 mm thick, anthers oblong, ca. 0.6 mm long, ca. 0.4 mm wide, 2-celled, doxsifixed, longitudinally dehiscent; pistillodium rudimentary, ovate, ca. 0.5 mm tall; stigmatiform 3-lobed. Pistillate inflorescence racemose, axillary, pedulous, 1-2 togrther, 2-15 cm long; spikes with 10-25 flowers. Female flowers nerrowly elliptic, ca. 6 mm long, ca. 1.5 mm, 2-bracted; outer bract deloid, ca. 1.5 mm long, 1 mm wide, acute at apex, base connect to rachis; inner bract widely ovate, ca. 1 mm long, 0.8 mm wide, acuminate at apex, round at base; pedicel ca. 1 mm long; outer 3 perianths orbicular, incurved, ca. 1.1 mm long, ca. 0.8 mm wide; inner 3 perianths ovate, ca. 0.8 mm long, ca. 0.7 mm wide, acute at apex, obtuse at base, thickened at back, sulcate on introrse; staminodia 6, stick-like, 2-4 lobed at apex, terete, ca. 0.1 mm thick; outer 3 staminodia ca. 0.16 mm long; inner 3 staminodia ca. 0.28 mm long; pistillum ca. 0.5 mm tall, 0.7 mm wide; stigmas 3, 2-cleft at apex; overy inferior, 3-celled, trigonous; ovules 2, orbicular, flattened, ca. 0.33 in diameter. Fruit capsulate, pendulous, tripterous, transversely elliptic, ca. 1.5 cm long, 2.5-2.8 (3) cm wide, emarginate at apex; stipe ca. 3-4 mm. Seeds 2 in each cell, suborbicular, ca. 3 mm long, 4mm wide, with membranous wing around; wing 0.5-0.7 mm wide. Distributed in southeastern to southern of China. This species is common in thicket and roadside thoughtout Taiwan, from low to 2,000m in altitude. This species is flowering mostly from July to October and from June to October in the southern of the island. It’s fruting from July to November, and mostly mature in September.
SPECIMENS EXAMINED
SPECIMENS EXAMINED. Taipei City: TFRI (cult.), T. C. Huang s.n. in 1960 (TAI 30768); Nankanshan (Mt. Nanko), S. Suzuki s.n. in 1922 (TAI 31140); Yangminshan, T. C. Huang 9736 (TAI). Taipei Hsien: Sanhsia, H. Shimada 1039 (TAI); Taihoku (Kirun-hukin), J. Ko s.n. in 1938 (TAI 30771). Taoyuan Hsien: Meilung logging track, Y. C. Lu 634(TFRI). Hsinchu: Hsinchueshihyuan, A. T. Hsieh s.n. in 1955 (TAI). Nantou Hsien: Hsinyi Hsiang, C. I. Peng et al.10989, 10993 (HAST); Jenai Hsiang (Huisun), C. H. Chen 751 (HAST); Shuich’angliu, C. Y. Chlu s.n. (PPI 1124); Puli (Horisya), T. Kawakami & U. Mori s.n. in 1907 (TFRI 6211, 6212, 6266), Yamamoto s.n. in 1929 (TAI 194279); Lienhuachih (Yuch’ih Hsiang), T. C. Huang & S. F. Huang 13161 (TAI). Taichung Hsien: Tungshinlinchang, S. T. Chiu 2537 (HAST); Musya-Santlnoyo (Jenai Hsiang), G. Masamune et al. s.n. in 1939 (TAI 30775), Wushe-Puli (Jenai Hsiang), S. Sasaki s.n. in 1929 (TAI 31191); Puli (Rengrti), Y. Yamamoto s.n. in 1919 (TAI 31193); Pahsienshan, S. Suzuki s.n. in 1929 (TAI 31200). Chiayi Hsien: Julfeng, C. M. Wang et al.w528 (HAST); Yentzuyai (Tapu Hsiang), C. H. Chen 335 (HAST). Tainan Hsien: Kantzuling (Kwnsirei-Hekiunzi), A. T. Hsieh s.n. in 1955 (TAI 30776). Kaohsiung Hsien: Taoyuan Hsiang, Y. C. Lu et al. 634 (HAST); Shanping, C. L. Yeh 001 (PPI); Likang, E. Matuda s. n. in 1917 (HAST 6264); Tengchih, T. C. Huang 13910 (TAI). Pingtung Hsien:Wut’ai, C. E. Chang 11964 (PPI); Linan (Chunjih Hsiang), C. L. Yeh 816 (PPI); Wanan, C. L. Yeh 717 (PPI); Sheimiku (Taiwu Hsiang), S. Z. Yang 5285 (PPI); Lilungshan, S. C. Cheng 30 (PPI); Laiyi (Raisye), E. Matuda 523 (TAI); Mutanshe (Bartansya), E. Matuda s.n. in 1919 (TAI 30779); Fawan (Machia Hsiang), E. Matuda s.n. in 1916 (TAI 30896); Machia (Machia Hsiang), T. C. Huang & M. T. Kao 7352, 7364, 7516 (TAI); Hsuhai (Botanwan), E. Matuda s.n. in 1919 (TAI 31166, 31167); Nanjenshan, M.T. Kao 7341 (TAI). Taitung Hsien: Tawu, Kao & Chuang 1136 (HAST). Ilan Hsien: Keishantao, C. Y. Li 35 (PPI), G. Masamune & S. Sasaki s.n. in 1932 (TAI 30770). Hualien Hsien: Tayuling, C. K. Liou et al. 915, C. Y. Li 35 (TFRI); Tailiko(Taroko,Jaito), G. Nakahara 715.
