台灣杜鵑花屬物種註記
山羊百科，林文智老師的植物、山岳、攝影紀錄
目錄 |
杜鵑花科 Ericaceae
目前從The Plant List與Tropicos查閱一些物種資料發現跟我們熟知的台灣植物誌論述出現極大落差，目前台灣植物誌第一版尚可以見到相關資料，所以透過網路可以查到的資料再重新匯整，希望優先把各物種的性狀特徵弄清楚，日後若是如我們植物誌論述有所更動，至少圖檔不會出現太多問題。
從物種資料庫網站認定的有效學名如下:
屬以下分類的共同特徵引用中國植物誌的文字論述。
- 南澳杜鵑 Rhododendron breviperulatum Hayata
- 棲蘭山杜鵑 Rhododendron chilanshanense Kurashige
- 丁香杜鵑 Rhododendron farrerae Tate ex Sweet
- 台灣杜鵑 Rhododendron formosanum Hemsl.
- 南湖杜鵑 Rhododendron hyperythrum Hayata
- 烏來杜鵑 Rhododendron kanehirai Wilson
- 著生杜鵑 Rhododendron kawakamii Hayata
- 埔里杜鵑 Rhododendron lasiostylum Hayata
- 西施花 Rhododendron latoucheae Franch. & Finet
- 守城滿山紅 Rhododendron mariesii Hemsl. et E. H. Wilson
- 細葉杜鵑 Rhododendron noriakianum T. Suzuki
- 金毛杜鵑 Rhododendron oldhamii Maxim.
- 馬銀花 Rhododendron ovatum (Lindl.) Planch. ex Maxim.
- 台灣山地杜鵑 Rhododendron pachysanthum Hayata
- 玉山杜鵑 Rhododendron pseudochrysanthum Hayata
- 紅毛杜鵑 Rhododendron rubropilosum Hayata
- 志佳陽杜鵑 Rhododendron sikayotaizanense Masam.
- 唐杜鵑 Rhododendron simsii Planch.
- 台中杜鵑 Rhododendron taichungianum S. S. Ying
- 台灣高山杜鵑 Rhododendron taiwanalpinum Ohwi
- 大武杜鵑 Rhododendron tashiroi Maxim.
1. Shoots glabrous or pubescent, the hairs not rigid; leaves all similar, not dimorphic. 2. Leaves glandular on the under surface; stamens 10; shoot and petiole glabrous. 3. Epiphytic plants; leaves obovate, 4-5 cm long; glabrous, punctate ......6. R. kawakamii 3. Terrestrial plants; leaves oblong-ovate, 8-10 cm long, lepidote but with punctations...... 4. R. hyperythrum 2. Leaves glabrous or tomentose beneath, not glandular; stamens 10-20; shoots tomentose to glabrescent. 3. Shoots glabrescent; leaves encrusted with fine pale gray indumentum on the lower surface.......3. R. formosanum 3. Shoots and leaves tomentose or glabrescent; leaves not encrusted with pale indumentum. 4. Leaves thickly to thinly coriaceous, lanceolate to elliptic-oblong, about 10 cm long, or rarely 5-7 cm, about twice as long as broad. 5. Leaves thickly coriaceous; flowers white, many-umbellate; plants of the highest peaks. 6. Leaves about 10 cm long; petioles 1.2-2.5 cm long.......10. R. morii 6. Leaves 5-7 cm long; petioles 0.5-1.5 cm long.......15. R. pseudochrysanthemum 5. Leaves thinly coriaceous; flowers red, 2-3-clustered; plants of the lower altitudes, in broad-leaved forests. 6. Leaves 10-12 cm long; bud scales pubescent; calyx ciliate on the margins .......20. R. tanakai 6. Leaves 7-10 cm long; bud scales glabrous; calyx not ciliate ............2. R. ellipticum 4. Leaves thinly coriaceous, ovate to oblong-ovate, 2.5-6 cm long, 1? times or less as long as broad. 5. Plant deciduous, nearly glabrous; leaves greenish beneath, usually 3, crowded at top of branches; stamens 10, nearly equal........9.R. mariesii 5. Plant evergreen, with appressed, straight hairs; leaves pale beneath, usually 5 or 6, crowded at top of branches; stamens 10-12, unequal ......21. R. tashiroi 1. Shoots with appressed, flattened, brownish bristle-like hairs; leaves dimorphic, the spring and summer leaves different in shape. 2. Stamens 5, sometimes 4 or 6; flowers generally pink. 3. Plants hairy; flowers terminal; fruit long, over 10 mm long. 4. Leaves comparatively long, 3-5 cm in length; filaments and style villous; anthers not apiculate ……………………………………….7. R. lasiostylum 4. Leaves shorter, 0.4-3 cm long; filaments glabrous or slightly pilose; style glabrous. 5. Leaves larger, 2.5-3 cm long; filaments glabrous; anthers apiculate…… 1.R. breviperulatum 5. Leaves much smaller, 4-14 mm long; filaments slightly pilose; anthers not apiculate . .17. R. sikayotaizanense 3. Plant nearly glabrous; flowers lateral; fruit short, less than 8 mm long.........14. R. ovatum 2. Stamens 5-10; flowers red, rarely pink or white. 3. Shoots densely covered with glandular hairs; bud scales viscid on the inner surface; corolla wide-funnelform.......13. R. oldhamii 3. Shoots densely clothed with flattened appressed hairs; bud scales not viscid; corolla funnelform to campanulate. 4. Leaves lanceolate to oblanceolate; style villous at base………...5.R. kanehirai 4. Leaves ovate to obovate or ovate-lanceolate. 5. Styles villous at base; corolla pink; leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate ……………………………………………….16. R. rubropilosum 5. Styles glabrous; corolla red, rarely white or pink; leaves ovate to elliptic or obovate-lanceolate. 6. Leaves elliptic-oblong or oblong-obovate, 2-5 cm long. 7. Leaves chartaceous, strigose beneath, the margins flat; corolla red . . 18. R. simsii 7. Leaves subcoriaceous, densely strigose beneath, the margins revolute; corolla pink………………………………………19. R. taiwanalpinum 6. Leaves ovate to obovate-lanceolate, about 1.5 cm or less long. 7. Corolla larger, about 2.5 cm long and 3-4 cm across; stamens included. 8. Dwarf prostrate shrub; corolla larger, about 4 cm across .... 11. R. nakaharai 8. Erect shrub; corolla smaller, about 3 cm across...........8. R. longiperulatum 7. Corolla smaller, about 2 cm long and 2 cm across; stamens slightly exserted …12. R. noriakianum
映山紅亞屬 Rhododendron subgen. Tsutsusi
葉常綠或部分落葉；植株無鱗片，被各式毛被，或無毛。花和新的葉枝出自同一頂芽，即花出自上部芽鱗腋間，新的葉枝出自同一芽的下部腋間；莖、葉、花序及蒴果通常有扁平糙狀毛。花序頂生，有時緊接頂生花芽之下有側生花芽，花梗無苞片；花冠聯合部分通常長於裂片，不1側開裂；花柱細長，伸直。
輪葉杜鵑組 Sect. Brachycalyx
葉通常脫落，枝無毛或被毛，但大多數僅被灰色絨毛；葉輪狀簇生枝頂（僅在徒長枝上散生），通常大，嫩葉萌發時有絹狀貼伏柔毛，老葉無毛或近于無毛（僅在中脈和側脈上疏被柔毛）；花與葉同時開放或稍在葉前開放。
- 棲蘭山杜鵑 Rhododendron chilanshanense Kurashige
- 丁香杜鵑 Rhododendron farrerae Tate ex Sweet
- 守城滿山紅 Rhododendron mariesii Hemsl. et E. H. Wilson
映山紅組 Sect. Tsutsusi Sweet
葉通常脫落，小枝和葉被紅棕色扁平糙伏毛、剛毛或腺頭剛毛；葉在幼枝上散生，落葉或多少宿存。
- 南澳杜鵑 Rhododendron breviperulatum Hayata
- 埔里杜鵑 Rhododendron lasiostylum Hayata
- 烏來杜鵑 Rhododendron kanehirai Wilson
- 大屯杜鵑 Rhododendron longiperulatum Hayata
- 中原氏杜鵑 Rhododendron nakaharai Hayata
- 細葉杜鵑 Rhododendron noriakianum T. Suzuki
- 金毛杜鵑 Rhododendron oldhamii Maxim.
- 紅毛杜鵑 Rhododendron rubropilosum Hayata
- 志佳陽杜鵑 Rhododendron sikayotaizanense Masam.
- 唐杜鵑 Rhododendron simsii Planch.
- 台灣高山杜鵑 Rhododendron taiwanalpinum Ohwi
假映山紅組 Sect. 3. Tsusiopsis Sleumer
- 大武杜鵑 Rhododendron tashiroi Maxim.
常綠杜鵑亞屬 Subgen. Hymenanthes (Blume) K. Koch
常綠杜鵑組 Sect. Ponticum G. Don
大灌木或喬木。植株無鱗片，被各式毛，或光滑。葉常綠；新的葉枝出自側芽，即出自去年生枝的葉腋；無毛或有各式毛，但無扁平糙狀毛。花序頂生，有時緊接頂生花芽之下有側生花芽，花出自頂芽；花梗無苞片；花冠聯合部分通常長於裂片，不1側開裂；雄蕊10（-12-20）；花柱細長，伸直。
銀葉杜鵑亞組 Subsect. Argyrophylla Sleumer
- 台灣杜鵑 Rhododendron formosanum Hemsl.
長序杜鵑亞組 Subsect. Pontica Sleumer
幼枝無毛，稀具有柄腺體或絨毛，無剛毛；葉較小，葉披針形至橢圓形；葉背光滑；花序總軸長10-25毫米；花冠鐘狀至漏斗形，5裂；雄蕊（10）12-18。
- 南湖杜鵑 Rhododendron hyperythrum Hayata
麻花杜鵑亞組 Subsect Maculifera Sleumer
幼枝無毛，稀具有柄腺體或絨毛，無剛毛。葉橢圓形至倒卵形，葉背被毛或僅中脈上具硬毛。花梗10-20mm，花冠白色、黃色至粉紅色，花冠鐘狀或闊鐘形，稀漏斗形，基部有蜜腺囊，5裂；雄蕊10，子房子房密被柔毛具柄腺體。
- 森氏杜鵑 Rhododendron morii Hayata
- 台灣山地杜鵑 Rhododendron pachysanthum Hayata
- 玉山杜鵑 Rhododendron pseudochrysanthum Hayata
杜鵑亞屬 Subgen. Rhododendron
葉常綠，稀半落葉或落葉；植株被鱗片，有時兼有少量毛。花出現在發葉之後，花序頂生，有時緊接頂生花芽之下有側生花芽；枝、葉通常不被毛；花柱通常細長，少有短而彎弓狀。
越桔杜鵑組 Sect. Vireya (Bl.) Copeland
越桔杜鵑組 Sect. Vireya (Bl.) Copeland
- 著生杜鵑 Rhododendron kawakamii Hayata
- 黃花著生杜鵑 Rhododendron kawakamii Hayata var. flaviflorum Liu et Chuang
馬銀花亞屬 Subgen. Azaleastrum Planch. ex K. Koch
植株無鱗片，葉常綠；新葉枝出自假頂生花芽內，或出自較低部位葉芽的腋間；花序腋生，通常生枝頂葉腋，有時因葉早落或退化而成假頂生，或生於去年生枝下部葉腋。蒴果卵球形或細長圓柱形。
馬銀花組 Sect. Azaleastrum (Planch.)
雄蕊5；花萼裂片大而闊；蒴果圓錐狀卵球形，成熟時裂瓣上部同花柱常不連結；種子兩端不具附屬物。
- 馬銀花 Rhododendron ovatum (Lindl.) Planch. ex Maxim.
- 台中杜鵑 Rhododendron taichungianum S. S. Ying
長蕊組 Sect. Choniastrum Franch.
雄蕊10；花萼裂片不明顯或少有發育為狹披針形；蒴果圓柱形，成熟時裂瓣上部同花柱連結而不開裂；種子兩端有短尾狀附屬物。
- 西施花 Rhododendron latoucheae Franch. & Finet
