討論:綠島鐵莧

山羊百科，林文智老師的植物、山岳、攝影紀錄

4. Acalypha grandis Benth. 蘭嶼鐵莧

單性同株，灌木或小喬木；莖被短柔毛。葉心形、闊卵形或卵形，長10.7-16.3 cm，寬7.5-13.7 cm，先端尾狀至漸尖，基部心至圓形，基出9-13脈，兩面疏被毛，側脈與中脈腋處叢生毛；葉柄短於葉片；托葉披針形，長1-2.5 cm。

僅限蘭嶼。

Acalypha grandis Benth. is an accepted name

Large shrubs or small trees, c. 2.5 m tall, monoecious; flowering branches 8–15 cm long, 4–9 mm diam, velvety. Indumentum sparsely hairy, denser on young parts, with simple straight hairs. Stipules persistent, elliptic to needle-like, 7–10 by 1–1.5 mm, hairy, without capitate trichomes. Leaves: petiole 14–20 cm long, with straight hairs of c. 1 mm long; blade ovate to broadly elliptic, 14–22 by 11–21 cm, length/width ratio 1.1–1.3, chartaceous; base cordate to obtuse; margin serrate, teeth 1–2 by 3–7 mm, with a gland on tooth tip; apex acute to acuminate; upper surface glabrous, lower surface densely hairy, surfaces flat or slightly sunken between the veinlets; veins at base 5, upper secondaries 7 or 8 per side. Staminate inflorescences axillary, 1 per axil, spicate; peduncle 5–20 mm long, indumentum of simple velvety hairs; fertile portion 70–120 by 3–5 mm, of constant width, internodes 3–5 mm long. Staminate flowers: bracts ovate, c. 1.5 by 0.5 mm, outside with dense hairs to 0.5 mm long; pedicel 0.5–1 mm long, with straight hairs to 0.2 mm long; calyx c. 1 mm diam, sepals ovate, c. 0. 5 by 0.5 mm, with straight hairs outside to 0.5 mm long, midrib verrucate in distal half, apex acute; filaments c. 0.25 mm long, thecae c. 0.25 by 0.1 mm. Pistillate inflorescences axillary, 1 per axil, straight, spicate, laxly many-flowered, internodes usually visible, in different axils than staminate ones; peduncle 0.8–6 mm long, indumentum velvety with simple straight hairs to 1 mm long; fertile portion 10–21 by 1–1.5 cm, internodes 3–6 mm long. Pistillate flowers 1–1.5 mm diam; 1 or 2 per bract, maturing singly; bract stipules elliptic, c. 0.5 by 0.2 mm; bracts sessile, 4–6 by 7–8 mm, foliaceous, accrescent, strongly veined outside, without dots, hairy outside and inside with hairs to 0.5 mm long, teeth 9–11, apical tooth c. 2 by 2 mm, lateral teeth c. 1 by 1 mm, apices acute; pedicel absent; calyx 1–1.5 mm diam, sepals 3, elliptic, c. 1 by 0.5 mm, hairy outside without verrucae, glabrous inside; ovary globose, c. 2 by 2 mm, trilocular; stigmas 3, 2–3 mm long, each divided 6–8 times, base hairy. Bisexual inflorescences absent. Fruits globose to oblate, c. 2 by 2.5 mm, verrucate, hairy, with straight hairs only; columella 1.5–2 mm long. Allomorphic fruits unknown. Seeds prolate, c. 2 by 1.5 mm.

Distribution — Malesia: Papua New Guinea; Solomon Is., Fiji, Caroline Is.

Notes — 1. Key characters include leaves with five nerves at the base, long petioles that exceed the leaf blade length and narrowly elliptic or needle-like stipules. It is closely similar to A. subintegra in its leaf venation and needle-like stipules, but has serrate (vs subentire) leaves and shorter pistillate inflorescences. 2. The specific epithet probably refers to its habit or its large leaves.