討論:圓果秋海棠

山羊百科,林文智老師的植物、山岳、攝影紀錄

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1. Begonia aptera Blume, Enum. Pl. Jav. 97. 1832; Lai in Taiwania 24: 35. 1979. 圓果秋海棠 Photo 69

A succulent herb with rhizomatous roots; stem glabrous, stout, branched, 50 cm up to 1 m high. Leaves alternate, obliquely oblong, 15-20 cm long, 5-7 cm broad, acuminate at apex, unequally cordate or auriculate at base, remotely minute-dentate along margins, glabrous on both surfaces, shining above, dull gray beneath, palmately 6 to 7 veined, the veins conspicuous and scarlet below; petioles 3-7 cm long; stipules in pairs, narrowly ovate to elliptic, acute 1-1.2 cm long, 0.6 cm broad, caducous. Flowers monoecious, in axillary cymes. Staminate flowers white, tepals 4, the two outer ones larger, broadly ovate, 1.2 cm long, 8 mm broad, the two inner 1 cm long, 6 mm broad; stamens numerous, yellow, the anthers 2 mm long, continuous with filament, dehiscing laterally. Pistillate flowers white; tepals 6; ovary inferior, 3-celled; styles 3, bifid at apex; stigma bent like a corkscrew, papillose. Fruit a berry-like capsule, without wings, depressedly globose, 12 mm long, 14 mm broad. Seeds minute and very numerous. Widely distributed in Java. Indo-China and western China (Yunnan and Hainan). Woodland undergrowth at altitudes from 500 to 2,000 m throught the island; flowering from May to September.

TAIPEI: Wulai, Lai 1220; Fushan-happen, Chen 4956. ILAN: Taipingshan, Suzuki s. n. 1928. TAOYUAN: Chatienshan, Mori s. n. 1912. HSINCHU: Wutzushan, Kawakami 1296(Isotype of B. hayatae Gagn.). MIAOLI: Tahu, Kawakami, Hayata & Mori 57; Kwangaoshan, Suzuki 20532. TAICHUNG: Pahsienshan, Sasaki s. n. 1922. NANTOU: Guandaushi, Ou 2095; Chitou, Huang 3456; Hueysun Forest, Ou et al. 8511. KAOHSIUNG: Wuwei, Matuda s. n. 1918. HUALIEN: Taihoku, Sasaki s. n. 1918.

圆果秋海棠 Begonia hayatae Gagnep.

多年生草本。根状茎块状。茎高50-70厘米,粗壮、节密、有分枝。叶互生,有长柄;叶片两侧极不相等,轮廓斜长圆卵形至卵状披针形,长10-13.6厘米,宽4.8-7.2(-10.5)厘米,先端渐尖,基部心形,窄侧呈圆形至截形,宽侧向下延伸长205-3.1厘米,呈耳锤状,边缘有疏而浅之小齿,上面褐绿色,下面色淡,两面均无毛,掌状6-7条脉,窄侧2-3条,宽侧4条,在2/3 以上的部分呈羽状脉,脉直达叶缘,在两面均突起;叶柄长4.8-6.8厘米,有棱,近无毛;托叶膜质,披针形,长约1毫米,先端急尖,早落。花白色,3-5朵,聚伞状;花梗长8-12毫米,无毛;苞片膜质,披针形,长5-6毫米,先端渐尖,边有腺毛,早落;雄花:花被片4,近等长,外面2枚宽卵形,长约1.2厘米,宽约8毫米,内面2枚长约1毫米,宽约6毫米,先端圆;雄蕊多数,花丝离生,长1.5-2.1毫米,花药长圆形,长约1.5-2毫米,先端尖;雌花:花被片4-6;子房顶端扁的球形,无毛,3室,每室胎座有2裂片;花柱3,离生,柱头螺旋状扭曲,并带刺状乳头。蒴果无翅;种子极多数,小,淡褐色,平滑。花期5-9月。

粗嚎秋海棠 Begonia crassirostris Irmsch FOC已修订 Begonia longifolia Blume

多年生草本。球茎膨大,呈不规则块状,直径可达2.5厘米,有残存褐色的鳞片和多数粗壮纤维状根。茎高0.9-1.5米,直立,细弱,微弯曲,多节,有棱,褐色。叶互生,具柄;叶片两侧极不相等,轮廓披针形至卵状披针形,长8.5-17厘米,宽3.4-7厘米,先端渐尖至尾状渐尖,基部极偏斜,呈微心形,窄侧宽楔形至微心形,宽侧向下延长1.5-5厘米,宽2.5-5.8厘米,呈宽圆耳锤状,边缘有大小不等极疏的带突头之浅齿,齿尖有短芒,幼时明显,上面褐绿色,无毛或近无毛,下面淡绿色,无毛或近无毛,掌状7(-8)条脉,窄侧2 (-3)条,宽侧4条,均达叶缘,中部以上呈羽状脉;叶柄长2.5-4.7厘米,近无毛;托叶膜质,卵状披针形,长6-8毫米,先端渐尖,无毛,早落。花白色,2-4朵,腋生,二歧聚伞状,一次分枝长1.2-1.5厘米,二次分枝长约3毫米;花梗长8-12毫米,近无毛;苞片膜质,披针形,长5-10毫米,先端渐尖,无毛,早落;雄花:花被片4,外轮2枚呈长方形,长约8.5毫米,宽约5-6毫米,先端平,内轮2枚长圆形,长约6毫米,宽约4.5毫米,先端平;雄蕊多数,花丝离生,长1-1.5毫米,花药长圆形,长约1.8毫米,先端微凹;雌花:花被片4,和雄花被片相似;子房近球形,顶端具长约3毫米之粗喙,3室,中轴胎座,每室胎座具2裂片;花柱3,近基部合生,柱头呈螺旋状扭曲,并带刺状乳突。蒴果下垂,果梗长约12毫米;轮廓近球形,直径约17-18毫米,无毛。顶端具粗厚长喙,无翅,无棱;种子极多数,小,淡褐色,光滑。花期4-5月,果期7月。

产福建、广东、海南、广西、湖南、贵州和云南东南部和南部,江西也有记录(未见标本)。生于山谷水旁密林中阴处,河边阴处湿地、山坡阴处疏林中、山谷溪旁灌丛中和山谷水沟边,海拔600-2200米。模式标本采自云南思茅。 果球形,顶端凸起,具长约3毫米之喙;叶缘有较密明显的浅而细之齿,齿尖有短芒。粗嚎秋海棠

果呈顶端下陷之球形,顶端无喙;叶缘为疏而浅之小齿。圆果秋海棠

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