討論:圓果秋海棠
山羊百科，林文智老師的植物、山岳、攝影紀錄
1. Begonia aptera Blume, Enum. Pl. Jav. 97. 1832; Lai in Taiwania 24: 35. 1979. 圓果秋海棠 Photo 69
A succulent herb with rhizomatous roots; stem glabrous, stout, branched, 50 cm up to 1 m high. Leaves alternate, obliquely oblong, 15-20 cm long, 5-7 cm broad, acuminate at apex, unequally cordate or auriculate at base, remotely minute-dentate along margins, glabrous on both surfaces, shining above, dull gray beneath, palmately 6 to 7 veined, the veins conspicuous and scarlet below; petioles 3-7 cm long; stipules in pairs, narrowly ovate to elliptic, acute 1-1.2 cm long, 0.6 cm broad, caducous. Flowers monoecious, in axillary cymes. Staminate flowers white, tepals 4, the two outer ones larger, broadly ovate, 1.2 cm long, 8 mm broad, the two inner 1 cm long, 6 mm broad; stamens numerous, yellow, the anthers 2 mm long, continuous with filament, dehiscing laterally. Pistillate flowers white; tepals 6; ovary inferior, 3-celled; styles 3, bifid at apex; stigma bent like a corkscrew, papillose. Fruit a berry-like capsule, without wings, depressedly globose, 12 mm long, 14 mm broad. Seeds minute and very numerous. Widely distributed in Java. Indo-China and western China (Yunnan and Hainan). Woodland undergrowth at altitudes from 500 to 2,000 m throught the island; flowering from May to September.
TAIPEI: Wulai, Lai 1220; Fushan-happen, Chen 4956. ILAN: Taipingshan, Suzuki s. n. 1928. TAOYUAN: Chatienshan, Mori s. n. 1912. HSINCHU: Wutzushan, Kawakami 1296(Isotype of B. hayatae Gagn.). MIAOLI: Tahu, Kawakami, Hayata & Mori 57; Kwangaoshan, Suzuki 20532. TAICHUNG: Pahsienshan, Sasaki s. n. 1922. NANTOU: Guandaushi, Ou 2095; Chitou, Huang 3456; Hueysun Forest, Ou et al. 8511. KAOHSIUNG: Wuwei, Matuda s. n. 1918. HUALIEN: Taihoku, Sasaki s. n. 1918.
圆果秋海棠 Begonia hayatae Gagnep.
多年生草本。根状茎块状。茎高50-70厘米，粗壮、节密、有分枝。叶互生，有长柄；叶片两侧极不相等，轮廓斜长圆卵形至卵状披针形，长10-13.6厘米，宽4.8-7.2（-10.5)厘米，先端渐尖，基部心形，窄侧呈圆形至截形，宽侧向下延伸长205-3.1厘米，呈耳锤状，边缘有疏而浅之小齿，上面褐绿色，下面色淡，两面均无毛，掌状6-7条脉，窄侧2-3条，宽侧4条，在2/3 以上的部分呈羽状脉，脉直达叶缘，在两面均突起；叶柄长4.8-6.8厘米，有棱，近无毛；托叶膜质，披针形，长约1毫米，先端急尖，早落。花白色，3-5朵，聚伞状；花梗长8-12毫米，无毛；苞片膜质，披针形，长5-6毫米，先端渐尖，边有腺毛，早落；雄花：花被片4，近等长，外面2枚宽卵形，长约1.2厘米，宽约8毫米，内面2枚长约1毫米，宽约6毫米，先端圆；雄蕊多数，花丝离生，长1.5-2.1毫米，花药长圆形，长约1.5-2毫米，先端尖；雌花：花被片4-6；子房顶端扁的球形，无毛，3室，每室胎座有2裂片；花柱3，离生，柱头螺旋状扭曲，并带刺状乳头。蒴果无翅；种子极多数，小，淡褐色，平滑。花期5-9月。
粗嚎秋海棠 Begonia crassirostris Irmsch FOC已修订 Begonia longifolia Blume
多年生草本。球茎膨大，呈不规则块状，直径可达2.5厘米，有残存褐色的鳞片和多数粗壮纤维状根。茎高0.9-1.5米，直立，细弱，微弯曲，多节，有棱，褐色。叶互生，具柄；叶片两侧极不相等，轮廓披针形至卵状披针形，长8.5-17厘米，宽3.4-7厘米，先端渐尖至尾状渐尖，基部极偏斜，呈微心形，窄侧宽楔形至微心形，宽侧向下延长1.5-5厘米，宽2.5-5.8厘米，呈宽圆耳锤状，边缘有大小不等极疏的带突头之浅齿，齿尖有短芒，幼时明显，上面褐绿色，无毛或近无毛，下面淡绿色，无毛或近无毛，掌状7（-8)条脉，窄侧2 (-3)条，宽侧4条，均达叶缘，中部以上呈羽状脉；叶柄长2.5-4.7厘米，近无毛；托叶膜质，卵状披针形，长6-8毫米，先端渐尖，无毛，早落。花白色，2-4朵，腋生，二歧聚伞状，一次分枝长1.2-1.5厘米，二次分枝长约3毫米；花梗长8-12毫米，近无毛；苞片膜质，披针形，长5-10毫米，先端渐尖，无毛，早落；雄花：花被片4，外轮2枚呈长方形，长约8.5毫米，宽约5-6毫米，先端平，内轮2枚长圆形，长约6毫米，宽约4.5毫米，先端平；雄蕊多数，花丝离生，长1-1.5毫米，花药长圆形，长约1.8毫米，先端微凹；雌花：花被片4，和雄花被片相似；子房近球形，顶端具长约3毫米之粗喙，3室，中轴胎座，每室胎座具2裂片；花柱3，近基部合生，柱头呈螺旋状扭曲，并带刺状乳突。蒴果下垂，果梗长约12毫米；轮廓近球形，直径约17-18毫米，无毛。顶端具粗厚长喙，无翅，无棱；种子极多数，小，淡褐色，光滑。花期4-5月，果期7月。
产福建、广东、海南、广西、湖南、贵州和云南东南部和南部，江西也有记录（未见标本）。生于山谷水旁密林中阴处，河边阴处湿地、山坡阴处疏林中、山谷溪旁灌丛中和山谷水沟边，海拔600-2200米。模式标本采自云南思茅。 果球形，顶端凸起，具长约3毫米之喙；叶缘有较密明显的浅而细之齿，齿尖有短芒。粗嚎秋海棠
果呈顶端下陷之球形，顶端无喙；叶缘为疏而浅之小齿。圆果秋海棠
89. Begonia longifolia Blume 粗喙秋海棠
Begonia aptera Hayata (1911), not Blume (1827), nor Roxburgh (1832), nor Decaisne (1834); B. crassirostris Irmscher; B. hayatae Gagnepain.
Herbs, erect. Rhizomes short, stout. Stems 0.5-1.5 m tall, well branched. Leaves cauline; stipules caducous, narrowly to broadly ovate, to 2.4 × 1.9 cm, glabrous, apex acuminate; petiole 8-15 cm, glabrous or subglabrous; blade lanceolate to broadly lanceolate, asymmetric, 8.5-29 × 3.4-11 cm, glabrous or subglabrous, venation palmate-pinnate, 7-10-veined, base oblique, cordate, margin remotely and irregularly denticulate. Inflorescences strongly reduced, to 5 cm, pendulous; bracts caducous, ovate to narrowly triangular, to 1.9 × 1.2 cm, thickly papery, glabrous, margin entire, apex mucronate to acuminate. Staminate flowers: pedicel 5-12 mm; tepals 4, white, outer 2 oblong to very broadly ovate, 0.9-1.3 cm × 5-10 mm, glabrous, inner 2 elliptic, 0.6-1.5 cm × 4-8.2 mm; stamens 49-93; filaments free, 0.7-2.5 mm; anthers lorate to broadly lorate, 1.7-2.6 mm, apex emarginate. Pistillate flowers: pedicel 5-12 mm; tepals 6, white, subequal, broadly elliptic to orbicular, 7-12 × 5-9 mm; ovary glabrous, 3-loculed; placentae axile, bilamellate; styles 3, fused at base; stigmas 2-cleft, spiraled. Capsule pendulous, subglobose, 1.1-1.8 cm in diam., wingless or 3-horned. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Jul. 2n = 22*.
Forests, shaded moist environments; 200-2200 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Taiwan, Yunnan [Bhutan, NE India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam].
Nearly all species of Begonia are very narrowly distributed. Begonia longifolia is probably the most widespread species in the genus. It resembles B. acetosella when sterile, differing by being monoecious, having a 3-loculed ovary, 6-tepaled pistillate flowers, and a remotely denticulate leaf margin.
