討論:文珠蘭

山羊百科，林文智老師的植物、山岳、攝影紀錄

1. Crinum asiaticum L. 文珠蘭

Crinum asiaticum L. var. sinicum Bak., Handb. Amaryll. 75. 1888; Matsum. & Hayata, J. Coll. Sci. Univ. Tokyo 22: 430. 1906.

Herbs with large bulbs. Leaves many, rather fleshy, linear, strap-shaped, 50-80 cm long, 6-12 cm broad, gradually narrowed apically, clasping at base, glabrous and slightly lustrous. Umbels many flowered, subtending bracts linear-oblong, abruptly acuminate, 6-8 cm long. Flowers white, fragrant; perianth tube slender, 10-13 cm long, segments broadly linear, 6-7 cm long, 5-6 mm broad; filaments slender, white, 4.5-6.5 cm long; anthers linear, 16-20 mm long; style purplish. Capsules subglobose, beaked; seeds globose or rounded with obtuse angles, 2-2.5 cm long, testa grayish white and spongy.

India to southern China, the Ryukyus and Japan.

TAIPEl: National Taiwan Univ. campus, Hsu 3180. ILAN: Kueishan Is., Masamune & Suzuki s. n. 3 Jul 1932. TAICHUNG: Sun Moon Lake, Kudo & Sasaki 15536. PINGTUNG: Shihmen, Hsu 4777. TAITUNG: Lutao Is., Huang 7022: Lanyu Is., Huang & Kao 5331.

文殊兰 Crinum asiaticum L. var. sinicum (Roxb. ex Herb.) Baker

多年生粗壮草本。鳞茎长柱形。叶20-30枚，多列，带状披针形，长可达1米，宽7-12厘米或更宽，顶端渐尖，具1急尖的尖头，边缘波状，暗绿色。花茎直立，几与叶等长，伞形花序有花10-24朵，佛焰苞状总苞片披针形，长6-10厘米，膜质，小苞片狭线形，长3-7厘米；花梗长0.5-2.5厘米；花高脚碟状，芳香；花被管纤细，伸直，长10厘米，直径1.5-2毫米，绿白色，花被裂片线形，长4.5-9厘米，宽6-9毫米，向顶端渐狭，白色；雄蕊淡红色，花丝长4-5厘米，花药线形，顶端渐尖，长1.5厘米或更长；子房纺锤形，长不及2厘米。蒴果近球形，直径3-5厘米；通常种子1枚。花期夏季。

分布于福建、台湾、广东、广西等省区。常生于海滨地区或河旁沙地；现栽培供观赏。模式标本可能采自香港。

叶与鳞茎药用，有活血散瘀、消肿止痛之效，治跌打损伤、风热头痛、热毒疮肿等症。