討論:山茶屬
山羊百科，林文智老師的植物、山岳、攝影紀錄
- 原寬 1940 米國腊葉室便リ (其五) 植物研究雑誌 16 (5) 255-263
11. Camellia transarisanensis (Hayata) Coh.-Stuart 阿里山茶
Shrub; branches slender, pilose when young. Leaves thin-coriaceous, rhomboidal-oblong or obovate, 3-5 cm long, 1.2-2 cm wide, apex acute, obtuse at the extremity, base cuneate or obtuse, margins ascending-serrulate, entire at the very base, glabrous on both surfaces, midrib hirsute above; petioles 2-3 mm long. Flowers axillary or pseudo-terminally, 1.5-2 across; pedicel 4 mm long; bracts numerous, broadly triangular; sepals 5, rounded, inner ones 3 mm in diam., silky-hairy on the outer surface, the margins ciliate; petal 5, connate at base into a tube (3 mm long), segments unequal, rounded or oblong, 10-20 mm long, silky-hairy on the outer surface, glabrous inside; stamens numerous, 1 cm long, innermost 5 free, exterior ones connate at the lower half into a tube, inserted on the corolla-tube, free part of the filaments filiform, anther triangular, sagittate-versatile-fixed; ovary globose, glabrous; style filiform, glabrous, 13 mm long, 3-fid at the apex, the stigmas 1 mm long.
Endemic, in the central mountains of the island (2,100-2,400 m).
TAICHUNG: Anmashan, Liu et al. s. n. 1957; Pahsienshan, Sasaki 16832. NANTOU: Luantashan, Mori 16833. CHIAYI: Minyueh, Alishan, Ishizawa & Hagiya 24434.壽卡、光復林道
秃连蕊茶系 Ser. Gymnandrae Chang
阿里山连蕊茶 Camellia transarisanensis (Hay.) Coh.st.
灌木，高2.5米，多分枝，嫩枝有柔毛。葉薄革質，長圓形，長2.5-4.5釐米，寬8-15毫米，先端鈍，基部楔形或闊楔形，上面幹後深綠色，略發亮，中脈上有短毛，下麵淺綠色，無毛，側脈在上下兩面均不明顯，邊緣有鈍鋸齒，齒刻相隔1.5-2毫米，葉柄長2-4毫米，有毛。花柄短，頂生及腋生；苞片3片覆蓋在長約2.5毫米的花柄上，卵形，長2毫米，有毛；花萼杯狀，長4毫米；萼片5片，闊卵形，長3-4毫米，外面有絹毛，內側無毛；花冠白色，長1.8釐米，花瓣5-6片，基部3-6毫米與雄蕊相連生，最外1-2片革質，游離部分圓形，長7-8毫米，有毛，內側4片倒卵形，游離部分長1-1.3釐米，雄蕊長1.6釐米，無毛，花絲管長1-1.3釐米；子房無毛，花柱長1.1釐米，先端3淺裂。
產臺灣阿里山，海拔2 100-2 700米的常綠林。
3. Camellia caudata Wall. 尾葉山茶
Small trees; branches and branchlets very slender; pubescent. Leaves alternate, membranaceous, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 6-8 cm long, 1.5-1.8 cm wide, caudate-acuminate at apex, obtuse at base, the margins serrate, the upper surface glabrous, the lower surface slightly hirsute to nearly glabrous, the midrib sulcate, hirsute above, elevated below; petiole 4 mm long, pubescent. Flowers axillary; pedicel 5 mm long; bracts numerous; sepals 5, rounded, 3 mm in diameter, silky on the outer surface; petals 5-6, obovate, 1.2 cm long, 1 mm wide, the apex subrounded, the base cuneate, silky on the outer surface; stamens numerous, 1 mm long, connate for half of the length, the anthers 4-angular, 1 mm long, the filament densely silky-pilose; ovary globose, 2 mm in diameter, pubescent; style 1.2-1.6 cm long; pubescent, 3-fid at apex. Fruit ovoid, 3 cm in diameter, 1-celled, 1-seeded.
India, Indochina to S. China and Taiwan. Taiwan, in southern and eastern parts of the island at low and medium altitudes (400-2,000 m).
KAOHSIUNG: Tengchih, Huang et al. 13832. PINGTUNG: Wuweishan, Kawakami & Sasaki 16795; Shihwen, Matsuda 1326; Souka, Chuang & Kao 3484. TAITUNG: Talilishe, Sasaki s. n. 1925; HUALIEN: Mukuashan, Kao 4027.
毛蕊茶組 Sect. Eriandria Coh. St.
長尾毛蕊茶 Camellia caudata Wall.
灌木至小喬木，高達7米，嫩枝纖細，密被灰色柔毛。葉革質或薄質，長圓形，披針形或橢圓形，長5-9釐米，有時長達12釐米，寬1-2釐米，有時狹於1釐米，或寬達3.5釐米，先端尾狀漸尖，尾長1-2釐米，基部楔形，上面幹後深綠色，略有光澤，或灰褐而暗晦，中脈有短毛，下麵多少有稀疏長絲毛，側脈6-9對，在上下兩面均能見，邊緣有細鋸齒，葉柄長2-4毫米，有柔毛或茸毛。花腋生及頂生，花柄長3-4毫米，有短柔毛；苞片3-5片，分散在花柄上，卵形，長1-2毫米，有毛，宿存；萼杯狀，萼片5片，近圓形，長2-3毫米，有毛，宿存；花瓣5，長10-14毫米，外側有灰色短柔毛，基部2-3毫米彼此相連合且和雄蕊連生，最外1-2片稍呈革質，內側3-4片倒卵形，先端圓，花瓣狀；雄蕊長10-13毫米，花絲管長6-8毫米，分離花絲有灰色長茸毛，內輪離生雄蕊的花絲有毛；子房有茸毛，花柱長8-13毫米，有灰毛，先離3淺裂。蒴果圓球形，直徑1.2-1.5釐米，果爿薄，被毛，有宿存苞片及萼片，1室，種子1粒。花期10月至翌年3月。
產廣東、廣西、海南、臺灣及浙江。模式標本采自喜馬拉雅南坡 Khasia。分佈于越南、緬甸、印度、不丹及尼泊爾。
本種的葉片變化很大，有為狹披針形，寬不過1釐米，有為寬達3.5釐米的橢圓形，通常生密林裏，為薄革質或膜質，側脈明顯，亦有生於陽坡上，葉為厚革質，發亮，具黃色絹毛，葉脈不明顯；花的形態較為一致，只有大小之分，可是萼片的排列則稍有變化。
8. Camellia salicifolia Champ. 柳葉山茶
Small trees; the young branchlets densely covered with soft hairs becoming glabrescent with age. Leaves membranaceous, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, 6-11 cm long, 1.5-2.5 cm wide, apex acuminate or caudate, base obtuse or rounded, margins finely serrate, glabrous above, densely pilose beneath, midrib sulcated, hirsute above, veins in 9-11 pairs, slightly elevated on both surfaces; petiole 2-4 mm long. Flowers axillary; pedicels short or sessile, drooping; sepals 5, subequal, lanceolate, 10-15 mm long, silky-hairy outside; petals 5-6, subequal, obovate or rounded, 12-16 mm long, 8-14 mm wide, silky-hairy outside; stamens numerous, monadelphous, free portion haired, anther triangular at the apex, densely pubescent; styles 12 mm long, densely pubescent, the apex 3-fid.
South China, Hongkong and Taiwan. Taiwan, in the central and southern parts of the island at low and medium altitudes.
TAICHUNG: Compartment 133, Tashuehshan, Kuo & Kao 487. NANTOU: Lienhuachih, Kao 7156; Meiyuanshan, Kao 6658. KAOHSIUNG: Weiliaoshan, Yamada YD9.
毛蕊茶組 Sect. Eriandria Coh. St.
柳葉毛蕊茶 Camellia salicifolia Champ.
灌木至小喬木，嫩枝纖細，密生長絲毛。葉薄紙質，披針形，長6-10釐米，寬1.4-2.5釐米，有時更長，先端尾狀漸尖，基部圓形，上面幹後帶褐色，無光澤，沿中脈有柔毛，下麵有長絲毛，側脈6-8對，在上下兩面均能見，邊緣密生細鋸齒，葉柄長1-3毫米，密生茸毛。花頂生及腋生，花柄長3-4毫米，被長絲毛；苞片4-5片，披針形，長4-10毫米，有長毛，宿存；萼片5片，不等長，線狀披針形，長7-15毫米，基部寬3-4毫米，宿存，密生長絲毛。花冠白色，長1.5-2釐米；花瓣5-6片，基部與雄蕊連生約2毫米，倒卵形，最外1-2片革質，長11-13毫米，背面有長毛，內側花瓣長1.3-2釐米，有長絲毛；雄蕊長10-15毫米，花絲管長為雄蕊的2/3，分離花絲有長毛；子房有長絲毛，花柱有毛，先端3淺裂。蒴果圓球形或卵圓形，長1.5-2.2釐米，寬1.5釐米，1室，種子1粒，果爿薄。花期8-11月。
產廣東、江西、湖南、臺灣、福建及廣西。模式標本采自香港。
本種的葉披針形，多長毛，苞片及萼片狹長披針形，花瓣及花絲均被毛，子房和花柱亦有毛，易於識別。在缺乏花及果實時，容易和心葉毛蕊茶 C. cordifolia (Metc.) Nakai混淆，但心葉毛蕊茶的葉片革質，毛被較稀少，基部常較寬，多少為心形。
4. Camellia furfuracea (Merr.) Cohen-Stuart 垢果山茶
A small tree; branches and branchlets terete, glabrous. Leaves elliptic or oblong, 8-12 cm long, 3-6 cm broad, apex acuminate or cuspidate, base cuneate, minutely serrate, glabrous, midrib impressed above, elevated beneath; petioles 5-7 mm long. Flowers terminal or axillary, solitary or in pairs, sessile, white, 2-2.5 across; bracts and sepals 5 to 6; up to 1.2 cm long, pubescent outside; petals 5-6, obovate-elliptic, 1.5-2 cm long, glabrous; filaments glabrous; ovary densely pilose; styles 3, free, 1-1.4 cm long, pilose. Fruits globose, 2.5-3.5 cm across, scurfy on surface.
Vietnam, Laos, southern China and Taiwan. Taiwan, in the central part at low altitudes.
NANTOU: Lienhuachih, Keng et al. s. n. 1954.
